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Table 1 Characteristics of the patient

From: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) on the second postpartum day: learning experience from a case report and literature review

Characteristics

Reference value

At hospitalization

Before surgery

First day after CS

Second day after CS

Third day after CS

After 4 days from the onset

Clinical symptoms

General status

Unremarkable

Remarkable

Remarkable

Average

Altered

Deteriorated

Normal

Blood pressure at maximum (mmHg)

< 140/90

200/100

160/90

154/105

118/77

131/86

128/88

Pulse rate (bpm/min)

< 90

90

121

99

118

100

100

Respiratory rate (beats/min)

< 18

23

 

20

25

29

20

SPO2 (%)

95–100

93

94

98

88–92

98

99

Body temperature (degree Celsius)

36–37

37.0

37.0

36.5

37.0

37.1

37.0

Symptoms

None.

Headache and epigastric pain.

Headache and epigastric pain.

-Gum hemorrhage

-Subcutaneous hemorrhage on the right hand.

-Blurred vision

-Tired.

-Confusional state.

-No response to stimulation

-Glassgow of 3 points.

Unremarkable.

Laboratory tests

PLT (109/L)

172–378

41

46

214

203

180

201

Hemoglobin (g/L)

108–164

126

132

93

89

86

95

Hct (L/L)

0.35–0.51

0.373

0.384

0.274

0.252

0.263

0.281

WBC (109/L)

3.37–8.38

15.06

13.07

21.46

22.7

17.2

12.49

Neu (%)

39.8–70.5

85.7

84.1

88.1

84.1

81.5

65.7

AST (SGOT) (U/L)

< 35

1325

-

165.8

70.24

-

-

ALT (SGPT) (U/L)

< 35

600

-

167.6

102.10

-

43.01

Total bilirubin (µmol/L)

< 15

76.17

-

24.24

11.99

-

64.86

Direct bilirubin (µmol/l)

< 5

34.86

-

9.19

7.80

-

 

Albumin (g/l)

35–52

30.11

-

-

27.03

27.1

28.22

Protid

 

62.88

     

Na+

136–146

133.4

-

126

128.9

136

138.5

K+

3.4–4.5

3.54

-

2.9

4.29

3.78

3.20

Ca++

2.20–2.65

2.17

-

0.63

1.78

1.62

2.04

Chlorid−

101–109

100.7

-

-

95.9

103.8

102.9

Mg++

0.77–1.03

2.17

-

-

2.88

2.30

0.66

Management

Obstetric indication

Monitoring.

IOL and CS due to non-assuring FHR.

Postoperative follow-up at reanimation room.

Postoperative follow-up at reanimation room.

Postoperative follow-up at reanimation room.

Consultation with a neurologist

and requiring a MRI.

Postoperative follow-up at ward.

Medical treatment

-Anticonvulsive

(MgSO4)

-Antihypertensive

(Nicardipine)

-Antibiotic

(cephotaxin, vinphacin)

-Anticonvulsive

(MgSO4)

-Antihypertensive

(Nicardipine)

-Antibiotic

(cephotaxin, vinphacin)

-Anticonvulsive

(MgSO4)

-Antihypertensive

(Nicardipine)

-Antibiotic

(cephotaxi, vinphacin)

-Anticonvulsive

(MgSO4)

-Antihypertensive

(Nicardipine)

-Antibiotic

(cephotaxin, vinphacin)

-Oxygen support via cannula

-Maintenance of

Anticonvulsive

-Antihypertensive

-Antibiotic modification (imipenem, levofloxacin)

- Oxygen support via cannula

-Antiepileptic therapy including

haloperidol 2 mg twice a day and

levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day.

-Antiepileptic

Haloperidol 2 mg twice a day

-Levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day

  1. ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate transaminase, CS: cesarean section, FHR: fetal heart rate, IOL: induction of labor, MgSO4: magnesium sulfate, MRI: magnetic resonance imaging, PLT: platelet, Hct: hematocrit, SGOT: serum glutanic-oxaloacetic transaminase, SGPT: serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, WBC: white blood count