Retrospective analysis of trauma patients transported by dispatch monitored type B ambulances to Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre, Nepal, 2019–2023

Table 5 Prehospital care of trauma patients transported by Dhulikhel Hospital-owned type B ambulances, 2019–2023

Characteristics		n (%)	Median	Q1, Q3
Patient status at scene	Alive	168 (99)
Patient status at scene	Deceased	1 (1)
Vitals	Any vital recorded: yes	162 (96)
	Blood pressure	145 (90)
	Glasgow coma scale	152 (94)
	Heart rate	161 (99)
	Oxygen saturation	162 (100)
Clinical interventions	Any clinical intervention: yes	39 (23)
	Dressing	19 (49)
	Fluids	12 (31)
	IV cannulation	7 (18)
	Oxygen	12 (31)
	Relocate dislocation	1 (3)
	Wound compression	1 (3)
Medications	Any medication: yes	83 (49)
	NSAID	74 (89)
	Opioid	8 (10)
	Antibiotics	2 (2)
	Antiemetics	8 (10)
	Stomach acid blockers	4 (5)
	Sedatives	3 (4)
	Sympathomimetics	1 (1)
Prehospital timestamps	Dispatch call to scene arrival		15	10, 30
	Scene arrival to hospital arrival		20	15, 35
	Dispatch call to hospital arrival		40	25, 60

Legend Vitals, clinical interventions, and medications are not mutually exclusive. The denominators used for generating the proportions of specific vitals, clinical interventions, and medications are the respective totals for patients with any recorded vitals (n = 162), interventions (n = 39), or medications (n = 83). Medication categories include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (ketorolac, diclofenac), opioids (tramadol), antibiotics (metronidazole, cefuroxime), antiemetics (metoclopramide, ondansetron), stomach acid blockers (omeprazole, pantoprazole, ranitidine), sedatives (midazolam), sympathomimetics (noradrenaline)

ISSN: 1865-1380