The effect of time to neurosurgical or neuroradiological intervention therapy on outcomes and quality of care after traumatic brain injury, a registry-based observational study

Table 2 W score for overall patients and subgroups according to the mode of transport

Groups		Total (N)	Observed survival (N)	Expected survival (N)¹	W score²
Overall
	All	1780	1325	1373.7	-2.7
	Early	532	340	385.8	-8.6
	Intermediate	541	407	413.1	-1.1
	Delayed	707	578	574.8	0.4
Subgroup: Prehospital transport
	All	982	693	742.2	-5.0
	Early	258	137	176.4	-15.3
	Intermediate	304	214	227.8	-4.5
	Delayed	420	342	338.0	1.0
Subgroup: Interhospital transport
	All	798	632	631.5	0.1
	Early	274	203	209.4	-2.3
	Intermediate	237	193	185.2	3.3
	Delayed	287	236	236.9	-0.3

¹ Expected survival was based on the probability of survival from the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) prediction model
² W scores is the difference between observed and expected survival rates per 100 patients. A positive W score indicates more survivors than predicted, while a negative W score suggests fewer survivor than predicted, reflecting poor quality of care
Note: Subgroup comparisons were selected to explore how time to neurological intervention and different transport modes impacted quality of care in patients with traumatic brain injury across the Asia-Pacific region

ISSN: 1865-1380